NURS735 - APPLIED TOXICOLOGY

Real Video/Audio Introduction. Listen to your instructor discuss key concepts that will guide your learning during this module.  The content of this module will include:  interactive websites with self assessments powerpoint mini-lecture on dose-response reading assignments toxicology handouts in PDF (history; branches of toxicology) This module will introduce you to the basics and history of toxicology.  Upon completion of this module, you should answer the three discussion questions.

not functional yet Click on the above image link to view RealMedia introduction clip. You may right-click on a clip and select Play to begin (or Stop to end) the audio/video sequence. Macintosh users can Control+Left mouse click for the same functionality.

As a result of completing this module, your learningobjectives will be to:

• To review the history of toxicology and note that experimentation and observations with poisons/toxins have occurred extensively throughout history.
• To understand the basic principles of the dose-response concept, and to be able to compare dose-response data with respect to effective dosages and toxicity, and different potentially toxic compounds and target species.
• List factors that can influence or modify the toxicity of a drug or compound.
• Define additivity, antogonism, potentiation and synergism

To guide your understandingof key concepts throughout this module:

• Read chapter 1 from the Timbrell Textbook: and answer questions Q1-Q6. (These questions are for your own self-assessment and are not to be submitted.)
• Review the History of Toxicology and Branches of Toxicology Sciences documents. These two links are in PDF format, which may include text or images and require Adobe Acrobat to be viewed and printed. If you need Adobe Acrobat Reader - download and install at adobe products
• Visit each of the following course websites:  

 

Historical overview of toxicology

Some toxicology terminology

Dose & dose response concepts

Mini-Lecture on Dose-response (Flash file with narration)

Mini-Lecture on Dose-response (downloadable pdf version of above)

Toxic effects and interactions

Anatomy and Physiology ReviewMaterials (Required):

As part of Module1, I have added the following ToxTutorial links to serve as reviewmaterial covering basic physiology (cells, tissues, organs, organsystems) as well as damage and repair processes.  These eightadditional links are part of your Module 1.  There are noadditional assignments from the links below, but you are welcometo begin a new Discussion Board thread and post questions to theclass if you have any.  However, if you find some materialschallenging, I suggest that you attempt to answer your own question(s)using library and internet resources.  Then, being the conscientiousclassmate that you are, you can post your constructive, newlygleaned information for the class.  I think you will findthese links helpful, particularly later in the course.  --ASK

Physiologyreview: introduction

Physiologyreview: homeostasis

Physiologyreview: organ systems

Physiologyreview: tissues

Physiologyreview: cells

Physiologyreview: chemicals

Toxiceffects: cell damage and tissue repair

Toxiceffects: physiological adaptation

The above hyperlinks refer tothe ToxTutor from the National Library of Medicine and containcontent germane to general principles of the science of toxicology. There will be a modest amount of new vocabulary and novel constructsfor some of you.  However, information in this module(and module 2) serve as the primary building blocks for understandingthe applied principles of the science.  At the end ofeach of the ToxTutor web pages, there are some review questionsand answers (called "For Academics" in the tutorial). Pleasego though these and answer the questions for your own benefit.

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

Afterreviewing Module 1's Mini-Lecture on dose response, and reviewingthe provided internet resources/handouts on the Background andPrinciples of Toxicology, please answer the following questionsand post your responses in the appropriateModule 1 Discussion BoardArea:

1. Recount a historical "contribution"(early to recent) made to the science of toxicology by an individualor group. This may be a person from the "History of Toxicology"handout, or somebody else. Use additional resources (e.g., internetand library resources) to develop and post a coherent paragraphdescribing the contribution of that person(s) to the discussionboard.

2. Based on your own background or work experience,provide a paragraph describing how the toxicity of a specificdrug, compound or contaminant can be altered.  Use an examplefrom your own experience(s).

3. Based on the last slide from the PowerPoint presentation(pdf file), which chemical, "a" or "b", issafer? Explain your reasons why.